NASA/ESA/CSA’s James Webb Space Telescope has revealed brown dwarfs in the star-forming region IC 348, about 1,000 light-years away in Perseus, with masses as low as twice that of Jupiter. They are the least massive brown dwarfs known, equivalent to only 0.19% of the Sun’s mass, and their existence challenges current models of how stars form. One of the lightest objects also shows signs of a disc, suggesting that planets may be forming around a brown dwarf with a planetary-scale mass. The research team used Webb’s NIRCam in 2024 to image the region and NIRSpec in 2025 to analyze the candidates’ spectra and estimate their masses. The observations also identified hydrocarbon signatures associated with the lowest-mass brown dwarfs, potentially indicating a distinct spectral class. The findings come from observing programme 4866 and were announced by ESA on September 15, 2026. https://www.esa.int/Science_Exploration/Space_Science/Webb/Webb_reveals_stunning_panorama_of_star_formation