With @debifi, you have immediate access to fiat liquidity without having to give up your Bitcoin. Debifi is an open-source, non-custodial lending platform exclusively for Bitcoin. You deposit your Bitcoin as collateral into a 3-of-4 multisig escrow: the keys are distributed among you, the lender, an authorized key holder, and Debifi. It takes 3 out of 4 signatures to move the funds - no one can access your Bitcoin unilaterally. Forget the nightmare of capital gains tax on Bitcoin sales: the loan is not a taxable event! Choose the loan term, the LTV, and receive the loan in euros, dollars, or stablecoins. Apply for your first loan here: debifi.com

An AI container operating at just 4% utilization can generate, according to Gridless, the same revenue as a Bitcoin mining container with the same power capacity running continuously. Each kWh sold to AI compute would be worth 15 to 25 times more than one used for hashrate. In sub-Saharan Africa, more than 560 million people live without access to the grid, while rural demand grows slowly. The average revenue generated by a power plant is between $2 and $2.50 per customer per month. Including commercial users, it rises to $3.16. But a power plant has to be financed upfront. Gridless has used Bitcoin as a buyer of last resort. Over four years, the company says it has deployed six sites across three countries, bringing electricity to an additional 30,000 people. Africa is home to almost one-fifth of the world’s population, yet accounts for just 0.6% of global data center capacity. Gridless is focusing on small, distributed sites that can be financed individually: solar in the DRC, hydropower in Kenya, and demonstration racks in Nairobi. Bitcoin builds the bridge in places where AI will only arrive once there is sufficient demand, fiber connectivity, and contractual infrastructure.

With , you have immediate access to fiat liquidity without having to give up your Bitcoin. Debifi is an open-source, non-custodial lending platform exclusively for Bitcoin. You deposit your Bitcoin as collateral into a 3-of-4 multisig escrow: the keys are distributed among you, the lender, an authorized key holder, and Debifi. It takes 3 out of 4 signatures to move the funds - no one can access your Bitcoin unilaterally. Forget the nightmare of capital gains tax on Bitcoin sales: the loan is not a taxable event! Choose the loan term, the LTV, and receive the loan in euros, dollars, or stablecoins. Apply for your first loan here: debifi.com

Liquid requires eleven out of fifteen signatures to move the BTC reserve that backs the 1:1 peg with L-BTC tokens. On September 6, 83 inputs collected the eleven signatures required by the standard spending path. 4,000 BTC left the federation. CertiK reconstructs the exploit as follows: the attackers reused a successful result and bypassed the verification step that should have rejected the inflationary issuance. Side Swap says it installed, on August 13, a security build that had been privately distributed to Liquid members. That build accepted the transaction. SideSwap also admits that it had left the Peg-out Authorization Key online, automated forwarding, and implemented no controls on withdrawal amounts or frequency. The attackers wrote on Bitcoin: “We are white hats. Contact us on-chain.” They returned 3,400 BTC. They kept roughly 598.5 BTC and demanded a 10% bounty, threatening a 15% loss for L-BTC holders. Blockstream refused. A reserve can be replenished. The trust required by a federation, by privately distributed updates, and by automated custody processes cannot be restored with a patch. The rest of the protocols designed to make Bitcoin easier to spend are not doing much better: we are looking at a Layer 2 apocalypse.

Spark presents itself as self-custodial: instant payments, offline receiving, no Lightning channels to open, and keys held by the user. However, the mainnet configuration published in the SDKs lists three operators - Lightspark, Breez, and Flashnet - and only two of them are needed to produce the aggregate signature controlling each deposit. Every Spark deposit funds a Taproot output. The key combines two components: one held by the user and one held by the operators. The operators cannot spend on their own. But the user cannot transact without interacting with them. Spark repeatedly uses the phrase “only one honest operator is needed.” Yet the published configuration is 2-of-3: two old shares being retained are enough to reconstruct the aggregate component and sign a conflicting spend together with a former owner. The third operator can refuse to participate without preventing anything. Bitcoin Layers classifies this as the protocol’s primary finality risk. A unilateral exit formally exists in the protocol. But many popular wallets still depend on the operators to obtain the data required to construct it. Meanwhile, Spark is scaling: Wallet of Satoshi, Primal, Blink, Blitz, Cake Wallet. Freedomia, a no-KYC Visa card, also uses it for Lightning deposits following the suspension of Boltz services. Spark’s self-custody is therefore heavily conditional: the unilateral exit exists on paper, provided the operators cooperate in giving you the data you need.