What is the point of having international law and war crimes on the books?

People who make decisions should share in the risks those decisions create. If they don’t, bad incentives appear.

Operate within your circle of competence. That means knowing the difference between what you truly understand and what you can merely repeat. Real competence comes from experience, study, trial and error, and skin in the game. It’s slow-earned. It’s quiet. It’s durable. “Chauffeur knowledge,” on the other hand, is borrowed understanding. The term comes from a story often told by Charlie Munger about a physicist who gave the same lecture so many times that his chauffeur memorized it word for word. The chauffeur could deliver the speech flawlessly — but when a real expert asked a technical question, the difference between performance and understanding became obvious. In a world of podcasts, highlight clips, and AI summaries, it’s easy to mistake fluency for mastery. Being able to explain something at a surface level isn’t the same as being able to navigate nuance, uncertainty, or tough follow-up questions. Stay in your lane. Expand your circle deliberately. Admit what you don’t know. Depth compounds. Pretending does not.